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CYP7A1
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FADS
Schaeffer, L. et al., (2006). Common genetic variants of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster and their reconstructed haplotypes are associated with the fatty acid composition in phospholipids. Human Molecular Genetics, 15(11), 1745–56
Bokor, S., et al., (2010) Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FADS gene cluster are associated with delta-5 and delta-6 desaturase activities estimated by serum fatty acid ratios. Journal of Lipid Research, 51(8), 2325–33.
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Fat Mass and Obesity (FTO)
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Glutathione S-Transferase (GST)
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International Agency for Research on Cancer. Cruciferous Vegetables, Isothiocyanates And Indoles. Lyon: IARC Press, 2004.
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Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)
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IL-6 Receptor (IL6R)
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Methylation
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MTHFR Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase: van der Put NM, Blom HJ. Neural tube defects and a disturbed folate dependent homocysteine metabolism. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2000 Sep;92(1):57-61.
MTHFR Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase: van der Put NM, van Straaten HW, Trijbels FJ, Blom HJ. Folate, homocysteine and neural tube defects: an overview. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2001 Apr;226(4):243-70.
NOS3 Nitric Oxide Synthase 3: Seidlerová J, Filipovský J, Mayer O Jr, Kučerová A, Pešta M. (2015). Association between endothelial NO synthase polymorphisms and arterial properties in the general population. Official Journal of the Nitric Oxide Society, 44:47-51
VDR Vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) Receptor: Cui X1, Pelekanos M, Liu PY, Burne TH, McGrath JJ, Eyles DW. (2013). The vitamin D receptor in dopamine neurons; its presence in human substantia nigra and its ontogenesis in rat midbrain. J. Neuroscience (16), 236:77-87
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COMT Catechol-O-Methyltransferase: Stein DJ, Newman TK, Savitz J, Ramesar R. (2006). Warriors versus worriers: the role of COMT gene variants. CNS Spectr;11(10): pp. 745-8
COMT Catechol-O-Methyltransferase: Xu K1, Ernst M, Goldman D. (2006). Imaging genomics applied to anxiety, stress response, and resiliency. Neuroinformatics; 4(1):51-64
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Transcription factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2)
Shaffer S A et al., Impaired glucagon-like peptide-1-induced insulin secretion in carriers of transcription factor 7-like 2 gene polymorphisms, Diabetes, 2007, 12: 2443-50 – increase diabetes risk
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Tumour Necrosis Factor – alpha (TNFa)
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Nuclear Factor-kB (NF-kB)
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Karban, A. S. (2003). Functional annotation of a novel NFKB1 promoter polymorphism that increases risk for ulcerative colitis. Human Molecular Genetics, 13(1), 35–45. http://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddh008
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Andersen, V., Christensen, J., Overvad, K., Tjønneland, A., & Vogel, U. (2010). Polymorphisms in NFkB, PXR, LXR and risk of colorectal cancer in a prospective study of Danes. BMC Cancer, 10(1), 484. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-10-484
Vasiliadis, I., Kolovou, G., Kolovou, V., Giannakopoulou, V., Boutsikou, M., Katsiki, N., … Cokkinos, D. V. (2014). Gene polymorphisms and thyroid function in patients with heart failure. Endocrine, 45(1), 46–54. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-013-9926-x
Bianco, B., Lerner, T. G., Trevisan, C. M., Cavalcanti, V., Christofolini, D. M., & Barbosa, C. P. (2012). The nuclear factor-kB functional promoter polymorphism is associated with endometriosis and infertility. Human Immunology, 73(11), 1190–1193. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2012.08.008
Zhang, D., Li, L., Zhu, Y., Zhao, L., Wan, L., Lv, J., … Ma, M. (2013). The NFKB1 -94 ATTG insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs28362491) contributes to the susceptibility of congenital heart disease in a Chinese population. Gene, 516(2), 307–310. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.078
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Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R)
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Koek et al. The T-13910C polymorphism in the lactase phlorizin hydrolase gene is associated with differences in serum calcium levels and calcium intake. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2010;25(9):1980-7.
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Molecular and Personalised Nutrition Genomics
Molecular and Personalised Nutrition Genomics
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Precision Nutrition, Genetics: The Universe Within
By Krista Scott-Dixon, PhD with John Berardi, Phd, Alaina Hardie, and Helen Kollias, PhD
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References – Health conditions
Alzheimer disease
Reversal of cognitive decline; a novel therapeutic programme, 2014: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25324467 ;
http://www.aging-us.com/article/100690/text
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Type 2 Diabetes
Lifetime Direct Medical Costs of Treating Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Complications: http://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797%2813%2900338-3/abstract
Autoimmunity
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Coeliac disease/gluten sensitivity
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Inflammatory conditions
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Tao Huang et al., FTO genotype, dietary protein, and change in appetite: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial, Am Journal of clinical nutrition, 2014, 99, 4
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Xi, Bo et al. “Association between Common Polymorphism near the MC4RGene and Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Ed. Balraj Mittal. PLoS ONE 7.9 (2012): e45731.
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Marín C, et al., The Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene is associated with a change in insulin sensitivity after a change in the type of dietary fat. Am J Clin Nutr. (2005) 82:196-200.
Vaquero AR et al. Using gene-network landscape to dissect genotype effects of TCF7L2 genetic variant on diabetes and cardiovascular risk. Physiol. Genomics. (2012) 44:903–14
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Hara K et al., The Pro12Ala Polymorphism in PPAR2 may confer resistance to type 2 diabetes. Biochem Biophys. Res. Comm. (2000) 29:212-216
Stefan N. et al., Effect of experimental elevation of free fatty acids on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in healthy carriers of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene. Diabetes. (2001) 50:1143–1148
Wang, Kai et al. “A Genome-Wide Association Study on Obesity and Obesity-Related Traits.” Ed. Zhongming Zhao. PLoS ONE 6.4 (2011): e18939.
References – Other
Consumer attitudes towards genetic tests and personalised nutrition
JAMA paper – Feb 2018 – Effect of Low-Fat vs Low-Carbohydrate Diet on 12-Month Weight Loss in Overweight Adults and the Association with Genotype Pattern or Insulin Secretion
Gardner, C. D., Trepanowski, J. F., Del Gobbo, L. C., Hauser, M. E., Rigdon, J., Ioannidis, J. P. A., … King, A. C. (2018). Effect of Low-Fat vs Low-Carbohydrate Diet on 12-Month Weight Loss in Overweight Adults and the Association With Genotype Pattern or Insulin Secretion. JAMA, 319(7), 667. http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.0245
Huang, T., Zheng, Y., Hruby, A., Williamson, D. A., Bray, G. A., Shen, Y., … Qi, L. (2017). Dietary Protein Modifies the Effect of the MC4R Genotype on 2-Year Changes in Appetite and Food Craving: The POUNDS Lost Trial. The Journal of Nutrition, 147(3), jn242958. http://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.242958
Shai, I., Schwarzfuchs, D., Henkin, Y., Shahar, D. R., Witkow, S., Greenberg, I., … Stampfer, M. J. (2008). Weight Loss with a Low-Carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or Low-Fat Diet. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(3), 229–241. http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0708681
Stanton, M. V, Robinson, J. L., Kirkpatrick, S. M., Farzinkhou, S., Avery, E. C., Rigdon, J., … Gardner, C. D. (2017). DIETFITS study (diet intervention examining the factors interacting with treatment success) – Study design and methods. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 53, 151–161. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2016.12.021
References – Supplements
Serene
Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja L, Ohira H (2007). “L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses”. Biol Psychol 74 (1): 39–45. DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.06.006.
Park SK. Jung IC. Lee WK. Lee YS. Park HK. Go HJ. Kim K. Lim NK. Hong JT. Ly SY. Rho SS. (2011). “A combination of green tea extract and l-theanine improves memory and attention in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled study”. Journal of Medicinal Food 14 (4): 334–343. DOI:10.1089/jmf.2009.1374.
Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Milne AL, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB (2008). “The effects of l-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood”. Biol Psychol 77 (2): 113–22. DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.09.008.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: Green tea consumption is associated with lower psychological distress in a general population: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 study
